Cybersecurity, in Plain English
Simple explanations of common cybersecurity terms — no jargon, no scare tactics.
Ransomware
Malicious software that locks your files and demands payment.
Ransomware encrypts your files or systems so you can’t access them unless a ransom is paid. Your data is still there, but it’s been locked using encryption that only the attacker controls.
Think of it like this:
It’s like going away for the weekend and coming home to find the locks changed and a note demanding money for the keys. You might get a locksmith to let you back inside, or even break a window, but once you’re in, all the cupboards, drawers, and doors inside are still locked. That’s what ransomware does, your data is still there, but it’s locked and unusable.
Why it matters:
Even if you pay, there’s no guarantee you’ll get your data back.
Malware
A broad term for software designed to harm, spy on, or interfere with your device.
Malware is unwanted software that installs itself without your permission. It can spy on what you do, steal information, slow your device down, or open the door for further attacks.
Think of it like this:
It’s like someone sneaking into your house while you’re not home. They don’t smash anything or make a mess — they quietly copy your documents, watch what you do, and leave doors unlocked so they can come back later.
Why it matters:
Because malware often runs silently, it can cause damage or steal information for weeks or months before anyone notices.
Phishing
Scam messages that pretend to be from people or organisations you trust.
Phishing messages are designed to trick you into clicking links, opening attachments, or giving away information like passwords or payment details.
Think of it like this:
It’s like someone wearing an AusPost uniform knocking on your door and saying there’s a problem with a delivery. They ask you to unlock the door, show ID, or sign something — and the moment you do, you’ve let them in.
Why it matters:
Phishing works because it relies on trust and urgency. One convincing message is often all it takes to start a larger attack.